Analysis of the Main Structural Types of Retractable Stands Seats
As a core facility for efficient space utilization in modern venues, the structural design of Retractable Stands Seats Seats directly affects their usage efficiency, safety, and applicable scenarios. Based on the driving method, support system, and functional characteristics, Retractable Stands Seats Seats are mainly classified into three types: mechanical, hydraulic, and electric. Each type of structure shows significant differences in technical principles and application scenarios.
I. Mechanical Retractable Stands Seats : A Reliable Choice of Traditional Craftsmanship
Mechanical stands rely on pure mechanical transmission as their core, achieving the expansion and contraction of the stands through components such as gears, chains, and linkages. Their typical structure includes:
Sprocket synchronization system: It adopts a parallel transmission design with dual sprockets to ensure the synchronous movement of each tier of the stands and prevent any offset caused by unilateral force. For instance, the stands of a certain sports center have controlled the operating noise to below 55 decibels by optimizing the sprocket tooth profile.
Modular steel frame support: The main frame is welded with high-strength cold-rolled steel pipes, and the load-bearing crossbeams are formed by rolling Q345B steel plates. The single-layer load-bearing capacity can reach 5000N/㎡. In a certain multi-functional hall project, the addition of diagonal tension struts has increased the lateral sway load to 400N/㎡.
Manual-electric hybrid drive: The basic model is equipped with a hand-crank drive device, while the high-end model can be fitted with an electric push rod. A school auditorium has adopted a manual backup system, enabling the stands to be retracted within 10 minutes in case of power failure.
Advantages: Simple structure, low maintenance cost, strong environmental adaptability, suitable for scenarios with limited budgets or unstable power supplies.
Limitations: The efficiency of expansion and contraction is relatively low, and large venues require coordinated operation by multiple people.
II. Hydraulic Retractable Stands : A Stable Solution for Heavy-Duty Scenarios
The hydraulic system achieves the lifting and lowering of the stands through the thrust of oil cylinders. Its core structure includes:
Double-acting hydraulic cylinder: It adopts 45# steel chrome-plated piston rods and high-pressure-resistant sealing rings. In a certain theater project, the single-cylinder thrust reaches 15 tons and can support 9 tiers of stands.
Synchronous valve control technology: By adjusting the flow of each cylinder through proportional valves, the synchronization error of multi-tier stands is ensured to be ≤ 3mm. A certain international event venue uses a closed-loop control system to improve the positioning accuracy to ±1mm.
Emergency pressure relief device: Equipped with manual pressure relief valves and hydraulic locks, it can manually release pressure in case of sudden faults. In a venue in an earthquake-prone area, the addition of accumulators enables the system to complete 3 full extension and retraction cycles after power failure.
Advantages: Strong load-bearing capacity, smooth operation, suitable for heavy equipment installation, and commonly used in large stadiums and theaters.
Limitations: Risk of hydraulic oil leakage, high maintenance technical requirements, and large initial investment.
III. Electrically Operated Retractable Stands Seats : Benchmark Products in the Era of Intelligence
Electric stands are driven by motors and combined with modern control technologies to achieve automated operation. Their structural innovations include:
Servo motor direct drive system: It adopts imported three-phase reduction motor and planetary gearboxes, achieving a stepless speed regulation of 0.5m/s in a certain concert hall project.
KNX protocol control system: Through bus technology, it integrates functions such as stand extension and retraction, seat folding, and lighting linkage. A certain smart venue can be remotely controlled via a mobile phone APP and preset three modes: events, performances, and meetings.
Mechanical feedback synchronous mechanism: It uses encoders to monitor positions in real time and adjusts motor speeds with frequency converters. In a certain exhibition center project, this technology controlled the extension and retraction time of a 200-meter-long stand within 3 minutes.
Advantages: Easy operation, precise positioning, strong scalability, and support for IoT integration.
Limitations: Sensitive to power quality and higher failure rate of electronic components compared to mechanical structures.